How Austin E-Waste Can Become An Asset

By Ines Flores


There is more to electronic e-waste than carelessly discarded batteries. The terminology includes all digital devices and appliances with the potential to be tossed into a landfill, including kitchen microwave ovens as well as old computers. The problem is growing, and not limited to wealthier consumer-oriented countries. Recycling and re-using Austin e-waste both responsibly and profitably is a common goal for many Texas municipalities.

Discarded electronics are more common today because basic economic conditions have improved enough worldwide to allow people to buy and use them. Because the devices are constantly being improved, there is virtually no emphasis on extending the life of older models. The highly-publicized toxic materials they contain grab sensational headlines, but are only one facet of the overall issue.

Inside each unit a variety of precious metals exists. Even though the original computer cathode ray display monitors are gone, any device containing a printed circuit board still contains a very small but financially significant amount of gold, silver, platinum, and palladium. Metals with more exotic names such as indium and gallium also play an important part in new technologies, and have a measurable value when extracted.

Although melting down unused cell phones to extract valuable metals does not make sense individually, in large quantities the process produces more refined metal than the original ore that bore it. Costly and comparatively rare elements are only a fraction of the metals used during manufacturing a mobile phone, which also contains copper and tin. The plastics used to create housings can also be partially reused.

The process begins with collecting discarded items profitably. This can be accomplished voluntarily on a small scale by individuals, or more efficiently by larger businesses. In many locations it begins by manually separating the internal components, which removes microchips and processors from their individual frames. The remainder is then run through a device that shreds the material in a way that makes further purification possible.

After being processed to complete the extraction, the purified products are then sold back to manufacturers. The industrialists benefit from this more direct method of mining, and consumers also see personal benefits in the form of a somewhat lower pricing structure. Disposal of outdated equipment in a responsible matter is incredibly important, but is only part of the overall view.

As the mound of electronic debris grows exponentially each year, recycling efforts have increased, but cannot keep pace with the enormous quantities that are being consistently created. The health hazards they pose are well-documented, and include lead and mercury poisoning. Exposed children experience developmental problems, and adults often suffer from respiratory and brain issues.

The total amount of used electronic parts worldwide is very difficult to calculate or track using current methods. The problem was created in part by economic realities, and can be solved by using the same motivations. While it is important to remind populations about the physical health hazards of non-recycling, the best long-term solution is the continued development of industries that thrive on processing e-waste.




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